Nutrition Week Scientific Abstracts:

CLINICAL NUTRITION WEEK 2006 Scientific Abstracts
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: S1-S60. [PDF]  

Original Communications:

Dema Halasa Esper, William M. Coplin, and J. Ricardo Carhuapoma

Energy Expenditure in Patients With Nontraumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 71-75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (IH) translates in higher nutrition requirements than traditionally assumed. Therefore, we evaluated the resting energy expenditure (REE) of 14 mechanically ventilated IH patients with the REE of 6 severe traumatic brain injury patients who are known as a hypercatabolic population.

Soh Iwashita, Catherine Mikus, Shawn Baier, and Paul J. Flakoll

Glutamine Supplementation Increases Postprandial Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation in Humans
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 76-80. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Glutamine supplementation with a mixed meal enhanced carbohydrate oxidation in the early postmeal phase (0–180 min) and fat oxidation in the late postmeal phase (180–360 min), which contributed to a 49% increase in meal-related energy expenditure.

Sudipta Misra, Amy Lee, and Kathy Gensel

Chronic Constipation in Overweight Children
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 81-84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In this controlled study, we explore the association between chronic constipation and being overweight at a superspecialty clinic setting. Overweight children were more frequent among those with constipation. Among chronically constipated children, overweight children formed a distinct treatment resistant subgroup.

Susan Schilling, Darcy Doellman, Nancy Hutchinson, and Brian R. Jacobs

The Impact of Needleless Connector Device Design on Central Venous Catheter Occlusion in Children: A Prospective, Controlled Trial
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 85-90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Use of either single-valve or positive-pressure-valve needleless connector devices to cap central venous catheters significantly reduces the rate of complete catheter occlusion in comparison to standard needleless connector devices in children.

Souheil G. Abou-Assi, Anastasios A. Mihas, Edith A. Gavis, HoChong S. Gilles, Amy Haselbush, James R. Levy, Adil Habib, and Douglas M. Heuman

Safety of an Immune-Enhancing Nutrition Supplement in Cirrhotic Patients With History of Encephalopathy
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 91-96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Peter Rittler, Beatrice Schiefer, Hans Demmelmair, Berthold Koletzko, Michael Vogeser, David H. Alpers, Karl-Walter Jauch, and Wolfgang H. Hartl

The Effect of Hyperglycemic Hyperinsulinemia on Small-Intestinal Mucosal Protein Synthesis in Patients After Surgical Stress
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 97-107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Rajesh Ullegaddi, Hilary J. Powers, and Salah E. Gariballa

Antioxidant Supplementation With or Without B-Group Vitamins After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 108-114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
B-group vitamins supplementation with or without antioxidant enhances antioxidant capacity, mitigates oxidative damage, and may have an anti-inflammatory effect immediately postinfarct in stroke disease.

Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura, Renata Gorjão, Thaís Martins de Lima, Tatiane Maria Piva, Carmem Maldonado Peres, Francisco Garcia Soriano, and Rui Curi

Toxicity of a Soybean Oil Emulsion on Human Lymphocytes and Neutrophils
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 115-123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The incorporation of lipid emulsions in parenteral diets is a requirement in critically ill patients. However, soybean oil emulsion decreased lymphocyte proliferation and provoked neutrophil and lymphocyte death. These effects may enhance the susceptibility of the critically ill patients to infections.

Makoto Usami, Atsushi Ohata, Kazunori Kishimoto, Keiko Ohmae, Michiko Aoyama, Makoto Miyoshi, and Yuri Fueda

Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition and Diamine Oxidase Activity of Intestinal Mucosa From Rats Treated With Irinotecan Hydrochloride (CPT-11) under Vegetable Oil–Enriched Diets: Comparison Between Perilla Oil and Corn Oil
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 124-132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Anna K. Shoveller, Janet A. Brunton, Ortrud Brand, Paul B. Pencharz, and Ronald O. Ball

N-Acetylcysteine is a Highly Available Precursor for Cysteine in the Neonatal Piglet Receiving Parenteral Nutrition
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 133-142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Stepwise addition of N-acetyl-l-cysteine to a limiting sulfur amino acid parenteral solution significantly increased nitrogen retention and growth in neonatal piglets. Compared with a solution containing l-cysteine, equal growth rates and nitrogen retention were achieved with an equimolar amount of N-acetyl-l-cysteine.

Reviews:

Stephen A. McClave, Wei-Kuo Chang, Rupinder Dhaliwal, and Daren K. Heyland

Nutrition Support in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 143-156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The route, timing, and content of nutrition support affect its efficacy and impact on outcome in patients with acute pancreatitis. Although enteral nutrition is the preferred route, standard therapy (no nutrition support) may be preferred over parenteral nutrition in certain circumstances. Specific strategies may be used to enhance tolerance to enteral feeding.

Review 2005 Research Workshop:

Jeffrey I. Mechanick

Metabolic Mechanisms of Stress Hyperglycemia
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 157-163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
This review examines contemporary theories of glucose allostasis, complexity, the immune-neuroendocrine axis, and insulin receptor signal transduction in the pathogenesis of stress hyperglycemia. Novel potential interventions are discussed involving cognitive/behavioral therapy, hypothalamic releasing factors, and neurofuzzy logic.

Anastassios G. Pittas, Richard D. Siegel, and Joseph Lau

Insulin Therapy and In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 164-172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 randomized trials that have reported data on the effect of insulin therapy initiated during hospitalization on mortality in adult patients with a critical illness. We found that therapy with insulin therapy decreases mortality in certain groups of critically ill patients.

Case Reports:

Eva de Berranger, Stéphanie Colinet, Laurent Michaud, Robin Cremer, Catherine Fourrier, George Marie Brévière, Dominique Turck, and Frédéric Gottrand

Severe Selenium Deficiency Secondary to Chylous Loss
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 173-174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Editorial 2005 Research Workshop:

Carol Braunschweig and Gordon L. Jensen

Hyperglycemia, Nutrition Support, and Acute Illness
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 175-176. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Errata:

Correction
(SAGE) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006 30: 177. [Full Text] [PDF]  

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